12.1 Sampling Techniques and Misuses of Statistics 769 Draw a line graph that makes the increase in revenue for Amazon appear to be a) small. b) large. * 37. Median Age The following table shows the median age of the U.S. population for the years 2017–2022. Year Median Age 2017 38.0 2018 38.2 2019 38.4 2020 38.6 2021 38.8 2022 38.9 Source: Census.gov Draw a bar graph that makes the increase in the median age of the U. S. population appear to be a) small * b) large * 38. Level of Education The following table shows the percentage of the U.S. population that had completed 4 or more years of college for the years 2016–2021. Year Percentage of the U.S. population 2016 33.4 2017 34.2 2018 35.0 2019 36.0 2020 37.5 2021 37.9 Source: CollegeTransitions.com Draw a bar graph that makes the increase in the percentage of the U.S. population completing 4 or more years of college appear to be a) small * b) large * 39. Households with a Pet The following graph shows the percent of U.S. households that had a pet for the years 2019 and 2022. 70 67 2019 2022 Percent Percent of U.S. Households That Had a Pet Source: AmericanPetProducts.org 0 60 65 70 75 a) Draw a bar graph that shows the entire scale from 0 to 100 percent. * b) Does the new graph give a different impression? Explain. Answers will vary. Concept/Writing Exercises 40. Advertising Find five advertisements or commercials that may be statistically misleading. Explain why each may be misleading. Answers will vary. 41. Driving The following circle graph shows the percentage of commuters who are frustrated by particular driving situations. Is the graph misleading? Explain. * Uncertain travel time 26% Start/stop traffic 43% Low speed 20% Aggressive drivers 32% Driving Situations Frustrating to Commuters Challenge Problems/Group Activities 42. Random Sampling a) Select and indicate a topic and population of interest to which a random sampling technique can be applied to obtain data. Answers will vary. b) Explain how you or your group would obtain a random sample for your population of interest. Answers will vary. c) Actually obtain the sample by the procedure stated in part (b). Answers will vary. 43. Data from Questionnaire Some subscribers of Consumer Reports respond to an annual questionnaire regarding their satisfaction with new appliances, cars, and other items. The information obtained from these questionnaires is then used as a sample from which frequency of repairs and other ratings are made by the magazine. Are the data obtained from these returned questionnaires representative of the entire population, or are they biased? Biased 44. U.S. Population Consider the following graph,which shows the U.S. population in 2000 and the projected U.S. population in 2050. * *See Instructor Answer Appendix
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