592 CHAPTER 10 Consumer Mathematics Exercises $ All Exercises in this Section are related to financial literacy. Warm Up Exercises In Exercises 1– 6, fill in the blanks with an appropriate word, phrase, or symbol(s). 1. A percent is a ratio of some number to ________. 100 2. To change a fraction to a percent, first divide the numerator by the denominator to obtain a decimal number. Then multiply the decimal number by 100 and add a(n) ________ sign. Percent 3. To change a decimal number to a percent, multiply the decimal number by ________ and add a percent sign. 100 4. To change a percent to a decimal number, divide the number by 100 and ________ the percent sign. Remove 5. To compute the percent change, first determine the difference between the amount in the latest period and the amount in the previous period, then divide this difference by the amount in the ________ period. Previous 6. To compute the percent markup or markdown on cost, first determine the difference between selling price and the dealer’s cost, then divide this difference by the ________ cost. Dealer’s Practice the Skills In Exercises 7–14, change the number to a percent. Where appropriate, express your answer to the nearest tenth of a percent. 7. 2 5 40% 8. 3 25 12% 9. 7 20 35% 10. 7 8 87.5% 11. 0.007654 0.8% 12. 0.5688 56.9% 13. 3.78 378.0% 14. 13.678 1367.8% In Exercises 15–22, change the number given as a percent to a decimal number. 15. 9% 0.09 16. 43% 0.43 17. 7.24% 0.0724 18. 0.75% 0.0075 19. 1 4 % 0.0025 20. 3 8 % 0.00375 21. 135.9% 1.359 22. 298.7% 2.987 In Exercises 23–34, determine the answer to the question. 23. What is 15% of $75,000? $11,250 24. What is 7.5% of $200,000? $15,000 25. Eight percent of 32 is what number? 2.56 26. Thirty-two percent of 50 is what number? 16 27. What percent of 96 is 24? 25% 28. What percent of 75 is 15? 20% 29. Twelve is what percent of 150? 8% 30. One hundred thirty is what percent of 208? 62.5% 31. Five percent of what number is 15? 300 32. Ten percent of what number is 75? 750 33. Forty-two is 28% of what number? 150 34. Eighteen is 20% of what number? 90 Problem Solving For Exercises 35–38, where appropriate, round answers to the nearest tenth of a percent unless specified otherwise. 35. Niacin The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s recommended daily allowance (USRDA) of niacin for adults is 20 mg. One serving of Fruity Cheerios provides 5 mg of niacin. What percent of the USRDA of niacin does one serving of Fruity Cheerios provide? 25% 36. Potassium The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s recommended daily allowance (USRDA) of potassium for adults is 3500 mg. One serving of Fruity Cheerios provides 95 mg of potassium. What percent of the USRDA of potassium does one serving of Fruity Cheerios provide? 2.7% 37. Reduced Fat Milk One serving of whole milk contains 8 g of fat. Reduced-fat milk contains 41.25% less fat per serving than whole milk. How many grams of fat does one serving of reduced-fat milk contain? 4.7 grams 38. Baked Lays One serving of Lays Classic Potato Chips contains 10 grams of fat. Lays Oven Baked Potato Chips contains 65% less fat per serving than Lays Classic Potato Chips. How many grams of fat does one serving of Lays Oven Baked Potato Chips contain? 3.5 grams Movie Streams In Exercises 39– 42, use the circle graph to answer the questions. Round your answers to the nearest whole number. Students at Pitzer College can stream movies for free through the school’s library. During the month of October, students streamed 1743 movies. The library classified these movies into the categories shown in the following figure. Movie Categories Comedy 27% Action 18% Romance 14% Drama 14% Horror 11% Foreign 8% Other 8% SECTION 10.1
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