1.2 Estimation Techniques 17 41. An Aging Population The following bar graph shows population figures for 1900 and 2000 and estimated population figures for 2050. a) Estimate the number of people 65 and older in 1900. 5 million b) Estimate the number of people 65 and older in 2050. 98 million c) Estimate the increase in the number of people 65 and older from 2000 to 2050. 60 million d) Estimate the total U.S. population in 2000 by adding the five categories. 280 million 100 80 Under 5 years 5–24 25–44 45–64 65 and over 60 40 20 0 1900 2000 2050 Year U.S. Population by Age (millions) Population by Age Source: Census.gov 42. Gaining Weight The following graph shows that as a society we tend to get heavier as we grow older. Also, with age, the amount of muscle tends to drop, and fat accounts for a greater percentage of weight. a) Estimate the average percent of body fat for females, age 18 to 25. 19% b) Estimate the average percent of body fat for males, age + 56 . 25% c) Greg is male, age 40, and weighs 179 lb. Estimate the number of pounds of body fat he has. 36 lb Body Fat Percentage Increases with Age 18–25 26–35 36–45 Age 0 10 Average Percent of Body Fat 20 30 40 46–55 56+ Males Females Source: MayoClinic.org 39. Coffee Consumption The following circle graph shows the number of cups of coffee consumed per week by people in the United States. Assume 700 people were surveyed. a) Estimate the number of people surveyed who consume 5–7 cups of coffee per week. 175 b) Estimate the number of people surveyed who consume less than 1 cup of coffee per week. 70 c) Estimate the number of people surveyed who don’t drink coffee. 140 Less than 1 cup a week 12% 1–4 cups a week 13% Don’t drink coffee 21% U.S. Coffee Consumption 5–7 cups a week 23% More than 7 cups a week 31% Source: Le Meridien 40. Exercising The following circle graph shows the biggest obstacles to sticking to an exercise program, as reported by 2987 employees at the Hiaasen Corporation. Biggest Obstacles to Exercising Not enough time 42% Embarrassed in front of others 7% Don’t have the energy 18% It’s boring 15% It isn’t fun 18% a) Estimate the number of adults surveyed who don’t have the energy to exercise. 540 b) Estimate the number of adults surveyed who don’t have enough time to exercise. 1260 c) Estimate the number of adults surveyed who are embarrassed to exercise in front of others. 210
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