Preface xv Removed Section: The content of Section 6-6 (Normal as Approximation to Binomial) has been removed from the text and is now available for download (www.TriolaStats.com, pearson.com/math-stats-resources, or MyMathLab for School). Removed Section: Ethics in Statistics has been moved from Chapter 15 to Section 1-4, and is available for download (www.TriolaStats.com, pearson.com/math-stats- resources, or MyMathLab for School). Technology Changes New to Statdisk: The previous version of Statdisk for Elementary Statistics included bootstrap resampling, but the new version of Statdisk for the 14th edition also includes all of the bootstrapping and randomization methods listed above under “New Technology.” Statdisk Online: Statdisk is now a browser-based program that can be used on any device with a modern web browser, including laptops (Windows, macOS), Chromebooks, tablets and smartphones. Statdisk Online includes all of the statistical functions from earlier versions of Statdisk and is continually adding new functions and features. New Technology: Where it is appropriate, the end-of-section Tech Centers include R and Google Sheets™ as an additional technology. (The technologies of Statdisk, Excel, StatCrunch, Minitab, and TI-83>84 Plus calculators continue to be included in the Tech Centers.) Flexible Syllabus This book’s organization reflects the preferences of most statistics instructors, but there are two common variations: ■ Early Coverage of Correlation and Regression: Some instructors prefer to cover the basics of correlation and regression early in the course. Section 2-4 includes basic concepts of scatterplots, correlation, and regression without the use of formulas and greater depth found in Sections 10-1 (Correlation) and 10-2 (Regression). ■ Minimum Probability: Some instructors prefer extensive coverage of probability, while others prefer to include only basic concepts. Instructors preferring minimum coverage can include Section 4-1 while skipping the remaining sections of Chapter 4, as they are not essential for the chapters that follow. Many instructors prefer to cover the fundamentals of probability along with the basics of the addition rule and multiplication rule (Section 4-2). GAISE This book reflects recommendations from the American Statistical Association and its Guidelines for Assessment and Instruction in Statistics Education (GAISE). Those guidelines suggest the following objectives and strategies. 1. Emphasize statistical literacy and develop statistical thinking: Each section exercise set begins with Statistical Literacy and Critical Thinking exercises. Many of the book’s exercises are designed to encourage statistical thinking rather than the blind use of mechanical procedures. 2. Use real data: 94% of the examples and 93% of the exercises use real data. 3. Stress conceptual understanding rather than mere knowledge of procedures: Instead of seeking simple numerical answers, most exercises and examples involve conceptual understanding through questions that encourage practical interpretations of results. Also, each chapter includes a From Data to Decision project. 4. Foster active learning in the classroom: Each chapter ends with several Cooperative Group Activities.
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