2-3 Graphs That Enlighten and Graphs That Deceive 69 Concluding Thoughts In addition to the graphs we have discussed in this section, there are many other useful graphs—some of which have not yet been created. The world desperately needs more people who can create original graphs that enlighten us about the nature of data. In The Visual Display of Quantitative Information, Edward Tufte offers these principles: ■ For small data sets of 20 values or fewer, use a table instead of a graph. ■ A graph of data should make us focus on the true nature of the data, not on other elements, such as eye-catching but distracting design features (as in the telephones in Figure 2-13). ■ Do not distort data; construct a graph to reveal the true nature of the data. ■ Almost all of the ink in a graph should be used for the data, not for other design elements. Graphing Capabilities Access tech supplements, videos, and data sets at www.TriolaStats.com Instead of listing instructions for each type of graph, the following lists identify the graphs that can be generated with the different technologies. TECH CENTER Statdisk • Histograms • Scatterplots StatCrunch • Histograms • Dotplots • Stemplots • Bar Graphs • Pie Charts • Scatterplots Minitab • Histograms • Dotplots • Stemplots • Time-Series Graphs • Bar Graphs • Pareto Charts • Pie Charts • Frequency Polygons • Scatterplots TI-83, 83 84 Plus Calculator 8 us Ca cu ato • Histograms • Time-Series Graphs • Frequency Polygons • Scatterplots R • Histograms • Dotplots • Stemplots • Time-Series Graphs • Bar Graphs • Pareto Charts • Pie Charts • Frequency Polygons • Scatterplots Excel • Histograms • Time-Series Graphs • Bar Graphs • Pareto Charts • Pie Charts • Scatterplots
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