606 CHAPTER 11 Goodness-of-Fit and Contingency Tables Cumulative Review Exercises In Exercises 1–4, based on the nature of the given data, do the following: a. Pose a key question that is relevant to the given data. b. Identify a procedure or tool from this chapter or the preceding chapters to address the key question from part (a). c. Analyze the data and state a conclusion. 1.Manual Dexterity In the following table, each column lists scores on a test of manual dexterity for brother/sister fraternal twins. The females are listed in the top row, and their corresponding brothers are listed in the bottom row. 14 22 11 12 18 20 15 16 17 15 2. Last Digits Use the same data from Exercise 1, but assume that the ten values are frequencies of last digits of weights of salmon captured in the Columbia River between Oregon and Washington. The frequencies are listed in order by row and they correspond to the last digits of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9. 3.Marathon Runners Use the same data from Exercise 1, but assume that the values in the top row are distances (miles) run by five randomly selected male runners and the values in the bottom row are distances (miles) run by five randomly selected female runners. 4. Last Digits Use the same data from Exercise 1, but assume that the columns correspond to the variable of day of the week (Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday) and the rows correspond to the work shift (morning, afternoon) at an automobile brake manufacturer. The entries in the table are numbers of defective brake linings found during quality assurance inspections. 5.One Big Bill or Many Smaller Bills In a study of the “denomination effect,” 150 women in China were given either a single 100 yuan bill or a total of 100 yuan in smaller bills. The value of 100 yuan is about $15. The women were given the choice of spending the money on specific items or keeping the money. The results are summarized in the table below (based on “The Denomination Effect,” by Priya Raghubir and Joydeep Srivastava, Journal of Consumer Research, Vol. 36). Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the form of the 100 yuan is independent of whether the money was spent. What does the result suggest about a denomination effect? Spent the Money Kept the Money Women Given a Single 100-Yuan Bill 60 15 Women Given 100 Yuan in Smaller Bills 68 7 6. Probability Refer to the results from the 150 subjects in Cumulative Review Exercise 5. a. Find the probability that if 1 of the 150 subjects is randomly selected, the result is a woman who spent the money. b. Find the probability that if 1 of the 150 subjects is randomly selected, the result is a woman who spent the money or was given a single 100-yuan bill. c. If two different women are randomly selected, find the probability that they both spent the money.
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy NjM5ODQ=