11-2 Contingency Tables 599 Contingency Tables Access tech supplements, videos, and data sets at www.TriolaStats.com TECH CENTER Statdisk 1. Click Analysis in the top menu. 2. Select Contingency Tables from the dropdown menu. 3. Enter the desired significance level and select the columns to be included in the analysis. 4. Click Evaluate. StatCrunch 1. Click Stat in the top menu. 2. Select Tables from the dropdown menu, then select Contingency— With Summary from the submenu. 3. Select the columns of data to be included in the analysis. 4. For Row labels select the column containing the row names. 5. Click Compute! The test statistic and P-value are displayed at the bottom of the results. TIP: You must enter row names in the first column. Minitab 1. Click Stat in the top menu. 2. Select Tables from the dropdown menu and select Chi-Square Test for Association. 3. Select Summarized data in a twoway table from the dropdown box. 4. Select the columns containing the observed frequencies. 5. Click OK. TIP: Observed frequencies must be entered in columns just as they appear in the contingency table. TI-83, 83 84 Plus Calculator 8 us Ca cu ato 1. Enter the contingency data as a matrix: Manually enter data: Press F then Q to get to the MATRIX menu, select EDIT from the top menu, select a matrix letter, and press [. Enter the number of rows and columns needed, press [, and proceed to enter the sample values. Using existing lists: Lists can be combined and stored in a matrix. Press F then Q to get to the MATRIX menu, select MATH from the top menu, and select the item List Smatr. Enter the list names (the first list must contain values for the dependent y variable), followed by the matrix name, all separated by commas. Important: The matrix name must be entered by pressing F then Q, selecting the matrix letter, and pressing [. The following is a summary of the commands used to create a matrix from three lists (L1, L2, L3): List Smatr(L1, L2, L3,[D]). 2. Press K, then select TESTS in the top menu. 3. Select X2-Test in the menu and press [. 4. For Observed enter the matrix created in Step 1 by pressing F then Q and selecting the matrix letter. Expected shows the matrix that will be used to automatically store the expected frequencies that are calculated. 5. Select Calculate and press [. TIP: The list name L1 (and L2 . . . L6) can be quickly entered by pressing F1. R R command: Equal expected frequencies: chisq.test(Con_Table, correct=FALSE) where Con_Table is the contingency table name in R. TIP: correct=FALSE results in no Yates’s continuity correction being applied. correct=TRUE applies Yates’s continuity correction. A complete list of R statistical commands is available at TriolaStats.com Excel XLSTAT Add-In 1. Click on the XLSTAT tab in the Ribbon and then click Correlation, Association tests. 2. Select Tests on contingency tables from the dropdown menu. 3. Under Data format select Contingency table. 4. In the Contingency table box enter the range of cells containing the frequency counts of the contingency table. If the range includes data labels, check the Labels included box. 5. Click the Options tab. 6. Check the Chi-square test box and enter a significance level if that option is available. If not, a 0.05 significance level will be used. 7. Click OK to display the results.
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