• Section 4.4.2 of the Americans with Disabilities Act relates to height clearances with this statement: “Walks, halls, corridors, passageways, aisles, or other circulation spaces shall have 80 in. (2030 mm) minimum clear head room.” • The elevator in the San Francisco Airport rental car facility has a placard indicating a maximum load of 4000 lb or 27 passengers. • A Disney requirement for someone wanting to be employed as the Tinkerbell character is that they must have a height between 58 inches and 62 inches. • Radio City Music Hall Rockette dancers must be females with heights between 66 inches and 70.5 inches. • The Bombardier Dash 8 aircraft can carry 37 passengers, and the fuel and baggage allow for a total passenger load of 6200 lb. • When women were finally allowed to become pilots of fighter jets, engineers needed to redesign the ejection seats because they had been originally designed for men weighing between 140 lb and 211 lb. Ergonomic problems often involve extremely important safety issues, and here are real cases that proved to be fatal: • “We have an emergency for Air Midwest fifty-four eighty,” said pilot Katie Leslie, just before her Beech plane crashed in Charlotte, North Carolina, resulting in the death of all 21 crew and passengers. Excessive total weight of the passengers was suspected as a factor that contributed to the crash. • After 20 passengers perished when the Ethan Allen tour boat capsized on New York’s Lake George, an investigation showed that although the number of passengers was below the maximum allowed, the boat should have been certified for a much smaller number of passengers. • A water taxi sank in Baltimore’s Inner Harbor, killing 5 of the 25 people on board. The boat was certified to carry 25 passengers, but their total weight exceeded the safe load of 3500 lb, so the number of passengers should have been limited to 20. Chapter Objectives 245 Chapter 5 introduced discrete probability distributions, but in this chapter we introduce continuous probability distributions. Most of this chapter focuses on normal distributions, which are the most important distributions in the field of statistics. Here are the chapter objectives: 6-1 The Standard Normal Distribution • Describe the characteristics of a standard normal distribution. • Find the probability of some range of z scores in a standard normal distribution. • Find z scores corresponding to regions under the curve representing a standard normal distribution. 6-2 Real Applications of Normal Distributions • Develop the ability to describe a normal distribution (not necessarily a standard normal distribution). • Find the probability of some range of values in a normal distribution. • Find x scores corresponding to regions under the curve representing a normal distribution, and solve real problems using this skill. 6-3 Sampling Distributions and Estimators • Develop the ability to describe a sampling distribution of a statistic. • Determine whether a sample statistic serves as a good estimator of the corresponding population parameter. CHAPTER OBJECTIVES >>>
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