Generating Simulated Data Access tech supplements, videos, and data sets at www.TriolaStats.com TECH CENTER continued TI-83, 83 84 Plus Calculator 8 us Ca cu ato 1. Press L then select PROB (or PRB) from the menu. 2. Select the desired type of data generator from the dropdown menu. Options include: • randNorm (normal distribution) • randInt (uniform distribution) • randBin (binomial distribution) 3. Enter the required inputs (varies depending on the type of generator selected). See tip below for TI-83 plus calculators. 4. Select Paste and press [ twice. TIP: Use the following format for TI-83 Plus calculators: randNorm(M, S, trials); randInt(lower, upper, n); randBin(n, p, repetitions). Press [when complete. Excel XLSTAT Add-In 1. Click the XLSTAT tab in the Ribbon and then click Preparing data. 2. Select Distribution sampling from dropdown menu. 3. In the Theoretical distribution box, select the desired type of data generator. Options include: • Normal • Uniform and Uniform Discrete • Binomial 4. Enter the required inputs (varies depending on the type of generator selected). 5. Click OK. Excel 1. Click on Insert Function ƒx, select the category Math & Trig and select the function RANDBETWEEN. 2. Enter the desired bottom and top values and click OK. One random value will be generated. 3. Copy the cell with the random data value to additional cells as needed. R R commands: Normal Distribution: rnorm(n, mean, sd) Uniform Distribution: runif (n, min, max) Binomial Distribution: rbinom(n, size, prob) A complete list of R statistical commands is available at TriolaStats.com 194 CHAPTER 4 Probability Statistical Literacy and Critical Thinking 1.Simulating Dice When two dice are rolled, the total is between 2 and 12 inclusive. A student simulates the rolling of two dice by randomly generating numbers between 2 and 12. Does this simulation behave in a way that is similar to actual dice? Why or why not? 2.Simulating Dice Assume that you have access to a computer that can randomly generate whole numbers between any two values. Describe how this computer can be used to simulate the rolling of a pair of dice. 3.Simulating Birthdays A student wants to conduct the simulation described in Example 2, but no calculator or computer is available, so the student uses 365 individual index cards to write the individual numbers between 1 and 365. The student then shuffles the cards, selects one, and records the result. That card is replaced, the cards are again shuffled and a second number is drawn. This process is repeated until 100 birthdays are generated. Does this simulation behave the same way as the process of selecting 100 people and recording their birthdays? Why or why not? 4-5 Basic Skills and Concepts
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