168 CHAPTER 4 Probability In Exercises 9–20, use the data in the following table, which lists survey results from high school drivers at least 16 years of age (based on data from “Texting While Driving and Other Risky Motor Vehicle Behaviors Among U.S. High School Students,” by O’Malley, Shults, and Eaton, Pediatrics, Vol. 131, No. 6). Assume that subjects are randomly selected from those included in the table. Hint: Be very careful to read the question correctly. Drove When Drinking Alcohol? Yes No Texted While Driving 731 3054 No Texting While Driving 156 4564 9. Drinking and Driving If one of the high school drivers is randomly selected, find the probability of getting one who drove when drinking alcohol. 10. Texting and Driving If one of the high school drivers is randomly selected, find the probability of getting one who did not text while driving. 11. Texting or Drinking If one of the high school drivers is randomly selected, find the probability of getting one who texted while driving or drove when drinking alcohol. 12. Texting or Not Drinking If one of the high school drivers is randomly selected, find the probability of getting one who did not text while driving or drove when drinking alcohol. Are those two events disjoint? 13. Drinking and Driving If two of the high school drivers are randomly selected, find the probability that they both drove when drinking alcohol. a. Assume that the selections are made with replacement. Are the events independent? b. Assume that the selections are made without replacement. Are the events independent? c. Are the preceding results the same? 14. Texting While Driving If two of the high school drivers are randomly selected, find the probability that they both texted while driving. a. Assume that the selections are made with replacement. Are the events independent? b. Assume that the selections are made without replacement. Are the events independent? c. Are the preceding results the same? 15. Texting and Alcohol If two of the high school drivers are randomly selected from the 887 subjects who drove when drinking, find the probability that neither of them texted while driving. a. Assume that the selections are made with replacement. Are the events independent? b. Assume that the selections are made without replacement. Are the events independent? 16. Texting and Alcohol If three of the high school drivers are randomly selected from the 4720 subjects who did not text while driving, find the probability that all three drove when drinking. a. Assume that the selections are made with replacement. Are the events independent? b. Assume that the selections are made without replacement. Are the events independent? 17. Texting and Alcohol If one of the high school drivers is randomly selected, find the probability that the selected driver texted while driving and drove when drinking alcohol. 18. Texting and Alcohol If one of the high school drivers is randomly selected, find the probability that the selected driver did not text while driving and did not drive when drinking.
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