CONTENTS v Introduction to Statistics Where You’ve Been Where You’re Going 1 1.1 An Overview of Statistics 2 1.2 Data Classification 9 Case Study: Reputations of Companies in the U.S. 16 1.3 Data Collection and Experimental Design 17 Activity: Random Numbers 27 Uses and Abuses: Statistics in the Real World 28 Chapter Summary 29 Review Exercises 30 Chapter Quiz 32 Chapter Test 33 Real Statistics—Real Decisions: Putting it all together 34 History of Statistics—Timeline 35 Technology: UsingTechnology in Statistics 36 Descriptive Statistics 38 Where You’ve Been Where You’re Going 39 2.1 Frequency Distributions and Their Graphs 40 2.2 More Graphs and Displays 55 2.3 Measures of Central Tendency 67 Activity: Mean Versus Median 81 2.4 Measures of Variation 82 Activity: Standard Deviation 100 Case Study: Business Size 101 2.5 Measures of Position 102 Uses and Abuses: Statistics in the Real World 114 Chapter Summary 115 Review Exercises 116 Chapter Quiz 120 Chapter Test 121 Real Statistics—Real Decisions: Putting it all together 122 Technology: Parking Tickets 123 UsingTechnology to Determine Descriptive Statistics 124 Cumulative Review: Chapters 1 & 2 126 1 2 PART 1 DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS CONTENTS Preface xi Acknowledgments xv Index of Applications xvi
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