1 Chapter Quiz 32 CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Statistics Take this quiz as you would take a quiz in class. After you are done, check your work against the answers given in the back of the book. 1. A study of 1622 high school seniors from four public high schools in the northeastern United States compared high school grade point averages to SAT and ACT scores as predictors of on-time college graduation. Identify the population and the sample in the study. (Source: SAGE Journals) 2. Determine whether each number describes a population parameter or a sample statistic. Explain your reasoning. (a) A survey of 1301 U.S. adults found that 42% would feel safer getting into a driverless car if they were given a demonstration first. (Source: AAA) (b) At a college, 90% of the members of the Board of Trustees approved the contract of the new president. (c) A survey of 500 small business owners found that 48% no longer feel they need a physical store. (Source: Entrepreneur) 3. Determine whether the data are qualitative or quantitative. Explain. (a) A list of debit card personal identification numbers (b) The final scores on a video game 4. Determine the level of measurement of the data set. Explain your reasoning. (a) A list of badge numbers of police officers at a precinct (b) The horsepowers of racing car engines (c) The top 10 grossing films released in a year (d) The years of birth for the runners in the Boston Marathon 5. Determine whether the study is an observational study or an experiment. Explain. (a) Researchers conduct a study to determine whether cataract surgery patients experience different comfort levels during their first and second surgeries. Researchers based their results on a verbal questionnaire. (Source: Medicine) (b) In a study about smoking and vaping cues, researchers randomly assign 936 current or former smokers or vapers to watch a video that involves smoking, vaping, or neither. The subjects are then asked to report their level of desire to smoke or vape. (Source: Springer Nature) 6. An experiment is performed to test the effects of a new drug on attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The experimenter identifies 320 people ages 7 to 44 with ADHD to participate in the experiment. The subjects are divided into equal groups according to age. Within each group, subjects are then randomly selected to be in either the treatment group or the control group. What type of experimental design is being used for this experiment? 7. Identify the sampling technique used in each study. Explain your reasoning. (a) A journalist asks people at a campground about air pollution. (b) For quality assurance, every tenth machine part is selected from an assembly line and measured for accuracy. (c) A study on attitudes about smoking is conducted at a college. The students are divided by class (freshman, sophomore, junior, and senior). Then a random sample is selected from each class and interviewed. 8. Which technique used in Exercise 7 could lead to a biased study? Explain.
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