SECTION 3.2 Conditional Probability and the Multiplication Rule 155 27. Blood Types The probability that a person of Asian descent in the United States has type O+ blood is 39%. At random, six people of Asian descent in the United States are selected. (Source: American National Red Cross) (a) Find the probability that all six have type O+ blood. (b) Find the probability that none of the six have type O+ blood. (c) Find the probability that at least one of the six has type O+ blood. (d) Which of the events can be considered unusual? Explain. 28. Blood Types The probability that a Latinx American person in the United States has type A+ blood is 29%. Four Latinx American people in the United States are selected at random. (Source: American National Red Cross) (a) Find the probability that all four have type A+ blood. (b) Find the probability that none of the four have type A+ blood. (c) Find the probability that at least one of the four has type A+ blood. (d) Which of the events can be considered unusual? Explain. 29. In Vitro Fertilization In a recent year, about 1.9% of all infants born in the U.S. were conceived through assisted reproductive technology (ART). Of the ART deliveries, about 26.4% resulted in multiple births. (Source: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report) (a) Find the probability that a randomly selected infant was conceived through ART and was part of a multiple birth. (b) Find the probability that a randomly selected infant conceived through ART was not part of a multiple birth. (c) Would it be unusual for a randomly selected infant to have been conceived through ART and to have been part of a multiple birth? Explain. 30. Standardized Test Scores According to a survey, 57.8% of college-seeking high school seniors say they have taken one of the standardized tests for potential college students. Of these, 35.6% say they do not plan to submit their score with their college applications. (Adapted from Niche) (a) Find the probability that a randomly selected college-seeking high school senior took one of the standardized tests and does not plan to submit this score with their college applications. (b) Find the probability that a randomly selected college-seeking high school senior took one of the standardized tests and plans to submit this score with their college applications. (c) Would either of the events in part (a) or (b) be considered unusual? Explain. 31. Using Social Media to Explore Colleges According to a survey of over 31,000 college-seeking high school seniors, 31.2% have never used social media to look up a college. Of those who have used social media to look up a college, 89% have used Instagram. Find the probability that a randomly selected college-seeking high school senior has used Instagram to look up a college. (Adapted from Niche) 32. Surviving Surgery A patient has a 60% chance of surviving bypass surgery after a heart attack. If the patient survives the surgery, then the patient has a 70% chance of making a full recovery. Find the probability that the patient survives surgery but does not make a full recovery.
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