3.2 EXERCISES 152 CHAPTER 3 Probability For Extra Help: MyLab Statistics Building Basic Skills and Vocabulary 1. What is the difference between independent and dependent events? 2. Give an example of (a) two events that are independent. (b) two events that are dependent. 3. What does the notation P1B0 A2 mean? 4. Explain how to use the complement to find the probability of getting at least one item of a particular type. True or False? In Exercises 5 and 6, determine whether the statement is true or false. If it is false, rewrite it as a true statement. 5. If two events are independent, then P1A0 B2 = P1B2. 6. If events A and B are dependent, then P1A andB2 = P1A2 # P1B2. Using and Interpreting Concepts Finding Conditional Probabilities In Exercises 7 and 8, use the table to find each conditional probability. 7. Business Degrees The table shows the numbers of male and female students in the United States who received bachelor’s degrees in business and nonbusiness fields in a recent year. (Source: National Center for Educational Statistics) Business degrees Nonbusiness degrees Total Male 204,839 640,121 844,960 Female 181,362 954,322 1,135,684 Total 386,201 1,594,443 1,980,644 (a) Find the probability that a randomly selected bachelor’s degree-earning student is male, given that the degree is in business. (b) Find the probability that a randomly selected bachelor’s degree-earning student received a business degree, given that the student is female. 8. Retirement Savings The table shows the results of a survey in which 250 male and 250 female workers ages 25 to 64 were asked if they contribute to a retirement savings plan at work. Contribute Do not contribute Total Male 116 134 250 Female 143 107 250 Total 259 241 500 (a) Find the probability that a randomly selected worker contributes to a retirement savings plan at work, given that the worker is male. (b) Find the probability that a randomly selected worker is female, given that the worker contributes to a retirement savings plan at work.
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