x CONTENTS 3.6 Polynomial and Rational Inequalities 402 Polynomial Inequalities ■ Rational Inequalities Summary Exercises on Solving Equations and Inequalities 410 3.7 Variation 411 Direct Variation ■ Inverse Variation ■ Combined and Joint Variation Test Prep 420 ■ Review Exercises 425 ■ Test 431 Test Prep 516 ■ Review Exercises 519 ■ Test 523 4 Inverse, Exponential, and Logarithmic Functions 433 4.1 Inverse Functions 434 One-to-One Functions ■ Inverse Functions ■ Equations of Inverses ■ An Application of Inverse Functions to Cryptography 4.2 Exponential Functions 447 Exponents and Properties ■ Exponential Functions ■ Exponential Equations ■ Compound Interest ■ The Number e and Continuous Compounding ■ Exponential Models 4.3 Logarithmic Functions 463 Logarithms ■ Logarithmic Equations ■ Logarithmic Functions ■ Properties of Logarithms Summary Exercises on Inverse, Exponential, and Logarithmic Functions 476 4.4 Evaluating Logarithms and the Change-of-BaseTheorem 477 Common Logarithms ■ Applications and Models with Common Logarithms ■ Natural Logarithms ■ Applications and Models with Natural Logarithms ■ Logarithms with Other Bases Chapter 4 Quiz (Sections 4.1–4.4) 489 4.5 Exponential and Logarithmic Equations 489 Exponential Equations ■ Logarithmic Equations ■ Applications and Models 4.6 Applications and Models of Exponential Growth and Decay 501 The Exponential Growth or Decay Function ■ Growth Function Models ■ Decay Function Models Summary Exercises on Functions: Domains and Defining Equations 513 5 Trigonometric Functions 525 5.1 Angles 526 Basic Terminology ■ Degree Measure ■ Standard Position ■ Coterminal Angles
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